When the kidneys are unable to filter waste, toxins, and excess fluid from the blood effectively, dialysis becomes a life-saving treatment. It is a vital therapy for patients with advanced Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) or end-stage renal disease (ESRD). As a Consultant Nephrologist and Transplant Specialist based in Viman Nagar, Pune, Dr. Bhupeshkumar Kaware helps patients and their families understand dialysis, its types, and what they can expect from the treatment.
What is Dialysis?
Dialysis is a medical procedure that replicates the function of healthy kidneys. It removes waste products like urea and creatinine, excess fluid, and maintains the body’s chemical balance when the kidneys fail to do so. It is not a cure for kidney failure but a supportive treatment that helps prolong life and improve quality of life.
Who Needs Dialysis?
Dialysis is recommended when kidney function drops below 10-15% of normal, and symptoms of kidney failure appear. Common indicators include:
Persistent swelling
Nausea or vomiting
Confusion or fatigue
Shortness of breath
High potassium or toxin buildup in the body
Severely reduced urine output
In such cases, dialysis becomes essential to sustain health while waiting for a kidney transplant or as a long-term solution if transplant is not possible.
Types of Dialysis
There are two main types of dialysis:
1. Hemodialysis
In hemodialysis, blood is filtered through a dialyzer (artificial kidney) using a dialysis machine. The process involves:
A vascular access point, usually in the arm, to allow blood to flow to the machine.
The machine removes waste, balances electrolytes, and returns clean blood to the body.
Sessions: Typically done 3 times a week, each lasting 3–5 hours, at a dialysis center or hospital.
What to Expect:
You will be seated or lying down comfortably.
You may feel tired or experience muscle cramps post-treatment.
Dietary and fluid restrictions are necessary to prevent complications between sessions.
2. Peritoneal Dialysis
Peritoneal dialysis uses the lining of your abdomen (peritoneum) as a natural filter. A special fluid called dialysate is introduced into the abdominal cavity through a catheter. Waste products and excess fluid pass from the blood into the fluid, which is then drained out.
Types:
Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) – Done manually, 3-5 times a day.
Automated Peritoneal Dialysis (APD) – Done at night using a machine while you sleep.
What to Expect:
It offers more flexibility and independence.
You can do it at home, but it requires good hygiene and proper training.
There is a risk of peritonitis (infection of the abdominal lining), which must be monitored.
Which Type is Right for You?
The choice between hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis depends on:
Your medical condition and kidney function
Lifestyle preferences
Home support and ability to manage treatment
Risk of complications or infections
Dr. Bhupeshkumar Kaware provides personalized guidance to help patients choose the most suitable form of dialysis.
Is Dialysis Permanent?
Not always. Some patients need dialysis temporarily due to acute kidney injury. For patients with chronic kidney failure, dialysis may be long-term unless:
A kidney transplant is successfully done
Kidney function improves in rare reversible cases
Living with Dialysis – Tips for Better Management
Diet: Follow a kidney-friendly diet low in salt, potassium, and phosphorus.
Hydration: Fluid intake needs to be regulated, especially in hemodialysis.
Medications: Take prescribed medicines on time to manage blood pressure, anemia, and mineral balance.
Regular Check-ups: Monitoring weight, blood pressure, and lab values is crucial.
Mental Health: Seek support if you feel overwhelmed. Support groups and counseling can help.
Exercise: Stay active with light exercises as advised by your nephrologist.
When to Consult a Nephrologist?
You should see a nephrologist if:
You have been diagnosed with CKD
Your GFR (kidney function) is declining
You are experiencing symptoms of kidney failure
You are preparing for dialysis or a kidney transplant
Early referral can help slow kidney damage and prepare you better for treatments like dialysis or transplant.
Dialysis is a vital treatment that helps patients with kidney failure live longer and maintain a better quality of life. Understanding the types, process, and lifestyle adjustments can reduce anxiety and empower patients. If you or a loved one is approaching kidney failure, consult an experienced nephrologist.
For expert kidney care and dialysis management in Pune, book an appointment with Dr. Bhupeshkumar Kaware, Consultant Nephrologist & Transplant Specialist at Viman Nagar.
Read More:
Early Signs of Kidney Disease | Dr. Bhupeshkumar Kaware
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